The Trinetra
Shiva Head
This
exceptionally beautiful Shiva head, cast as a mix of both, a plaque
and a mask, represents his multifarious personality and his many-fold
exploits. It has been cast in fine copper-brass and all effects
have been created by a contrast which the artist has created by
polishing the projected parts and leaving the recesses soiled. The
artefact is more like a plaque meant for a wall hanging for which
it has been provided with a hook for a nail. A fine semi-oval face,
sharp prominent nose set within beautifully rounded raised cheeks,
half closed eyes as if drowsing, cute small lips, symmetrical ears,
broad forehead and a pointed protruding chin define Shiva's aesthetic
beauty.
This
plaque, despite its representational limitations, symbolises three
of his major exploits. Shiva has on his forehead in the plaque a
third eye. It is said one day, when sporting with him, Parvati covered
with her palms Shiva's both eyes. This engulfed the entire universe
into darkness and life began to deteriorate. The solar energy flew
only through his eyes. Hence when they were closed, the inflow of
solar energy stopped. Gods, sages and holy beings rushed to Shiva
and prayed him to release it. Sportive Parvati refused to remove
her hands. Shiva then opened on his forehead his third eye and allowed
solar energy emit out from it. Gods paid homage to him and attributed
to him a new epithet 'Trinetra' Shiva.
Shiva
in this representation has the mark of sickle moon both on his forehead
and braids of his hair. Both gods and demons wished to be immortal
which they could be only after they were able to secure nectar from
underneath the ocean and drink it. They reached an agreement and
decided to churn the ocean, an episode known in Indian mythology
as 'Samudra-Manthana'. One after the other many invaluable jewels
came out of it. Suddenly there emerged out of it a fluid with deadly
vapours emitting from it. A deadly cry for help rose from both camps
as the vapours and smell of the fluid was choking their throats.
Shiva came to their rescue. He picked in his hands the entire fluid
and drank it. Panicky Parvati caught his throat as she would not
allow the deadly arsenic to descend down it. The fluid stayed in
his throat and with its effect his neck turned blue. Gods, demons,
sages and all human beings worshipped Shiva out of gratitude and
Vishnu gave him 'Neelakantha' as his yet another name. The cool
soothing moon had also emerged from the churning of ocean. To reduce
the heat and poisonous effects of arsenic the moon was offered to
Shiva, which he set upon his head.
The
female icon on Shiva's head represents Ganga. Under a curse Ganga
had to descend to earth. On the other hand Bhagirath, a king of
Ikshvaku dynasty, was engaged in rigorous penance for bringing Ganga
to earth as thus alone he could effect salvation of the sixty thousand
sons of Sagar, his forefather. Ganga out of vanity boasted to Brahma
as to who would bear her current on earth, as earth, soil,trees
or even mountains could not hold her. Brahma suggested to Bhagirath
to approach Shiva as he alone could hold Ganga's mighty flow in
the braids of his hair. Bhagirath devoted himself to further penance
for pleasing Shiva. Finally Shiva appeared and asked him for a boon.
Bhagirath prayed him to hold Ganga into his hair when she descended
the earth and release her in minor streaks which the earth might
bear. Shiva did accordingly but Ganga loved Shiva and went out of
his hair only partially, remaining partially couched forever on
Shiva's head.
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